【论文摘要】通脉颗粒(TM)是由丹参、川芎、葛根组方而成,临床上用于对缺血性心脑血管疾病的治疗。为研究TM的药效物质基础,对急性心肌缺血模型比格 犬给予TM干预,分析了血清中吸收成分及其药动学特征。以盐酸酸化-乙酸乙酯萃取法提取血清样品,在LS-MS/MS的ESI-检测模式下,采用 Merck RP-18e整体反相硅胶色谱柱分离,以乙腈-甲醇1∶1(0.07% FA)和水(0.01% FA)为流动相,在优化的梯度洗脱程序下实现了在8.5 min内对犬血清中8种葛根黄酮成分、5种丹参酚酸成分和2种葛根成分的同时定量分析。分析方法的验证结果表明该方法特异、准确、精密,符合生物分析要 求。对急性心梗模型比格犬十二指肠注射TM后6 h内不同时间点血清样品的分析结果显示,给药后5 min药物成分即吸收入血,15种成分均能在血清中检出,分别于给药后0.18~3.83 h达峰。各成分的血药浓度差异很大,其中葛根素、丹参素体内暴露量远高于其他成分,其次为3′-甲氧基葛根素、芹糖基葛根素和3′-羟基葛根素。研究结果 表明葛根异黄酮类和丹参素是TM在心肌缺血模型犬体内的主要活性成分。 【论文关键词】通脉颗粒;急性心肌缺血模型犬;药动学;LC-MS/MS;多酚;血药浓度 [Abstract]Tongmai granule (TM) is composed of Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Gegen), Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma(Danshen) and Chuanxiong Rhizoma(Chuanxiong). It has been used to treat ischemic cardio-cerebrovascular diseases for decades. For the purpose of elucidating its pharmacodynamic material foundation, the absorption and pharmacokinetic property of TM were investigated in acute myocardial ischemic model beagles. All serum samples were extracted before analysis with ethyl acetate after being acidified by hydrochloric acid. Under negative ESI detection mode, the chromatographic separation was carried out with monolithic C18 column for gradient elution. A simultaneous quantitative analysis was made on 15 polyphenols, including 8 from Gegen, 5 from Danshen and 2 from Chuanxiong, in 8.5 min. The validation result demonstrated the specificity, accuracy and precision of the method in line with the bioanalysis requirements. After TM solution was administrated to acute myocardial ischemic model beagles through duodenum injection, serum samples were collected after 6 h. The quantitative detection proved the prompt absorption of TM, all of the components were detectable in the blood samples 5 min later, and reached peak respectively at 0.18-3.83 h after administration. The components presented large variabilities. The most components were exposed in serum with puerarin and salvianic acid A, followed by 3′-methoxypuerarin, mirificin, and 3′-hydroxypuerarin. The study proves puerarin and salvianic acid A are dominating active components of TM in acute myocardial ischemic model beagles. [Key words]Tongmai granule; acute myocardial ischemic model beagles; pharmacokinetics; LC-MS/MS; polyphenols; serum concentration doi:10.4268/cjcmm20160433 通脉颗粒(TM)收载于《卫生部药品标准》中药成方制剂(第4册),由丹参、川芎、葛根组方而成,具有活血通脉的功效。临床上用于缺血性心脑 血管疾病的治疗,对动脉硬化、脑血栓、脑缺血、冠心病、心绞痛等有较好的疗效。对通脉颗粒中各药味的化学研究及药理研究表明,多酚类成分是主要的心血管活 性成分。以葛根素为代表的异黄酮类是葛根中的主要成分,具有多种心血管药理活性[1-3]。酚酸类成分则是丹参中的主要成分,具有强抗氧化及抗血小板聚集和血管舒张作作用[4-7]。川芎中的最主要酚酸成分为阿魏酸,药理研究也发现其具有抗血小板聚集、抗血栓及降血脂等多种心血管系统活性[8-10]。对TM药代研究的数据很少,Liu等对TM灌胃给予大鼠后血浆中的成分做了研究,结果显示葛根异黄酮类是吸收入血的主要成分,但是只对葛根素做了准确定量研究[11]。 本团队前期对TM化学成分研究中分离获得了多种葛根和川芎中的多酚成分[12-13],但是没有分离获得丹参中的酚酸,这可能与酚酸成分在分离过程中极易被氧化分解有关。本研究采用LC-MS/MS分析技术,以包括丹参酚酸在内,TM中含量相对较高的15种成分为目标[14],建立了灵敏的生物分析方法,对急性心肌缺血模型比格犬给予通脉颗粒干预后的血清中的药物成分进行了定量研究,以解析通脉药效的物质基础。 |